Cervical cancer. Light micrograph of a section through a cervix showing invasive carcinoma, a form of cancer (across centre). This is an advanced form of the disease that is less treatable than the earlier stages. This tumour is associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which is sexually transmitted. Cigarette smoking may also be a risk factor. Treatment involves radiotherapy or surgery to remove affected areas, supplemented by chemotherapy. Magnification unknown.