Isfandiyar, Khan of the Russian protectorate of Khorezm (Khiva), portrait, in uniform, seated on chair, outdoors, between 1910 and 1915. {/81089/} was the 53rd Khan of Khiva (present-day Uzbekistan) and ruled from September 1910 to 1 October 1918 when he was overthrown and executed by Junaid Khan. Russian chemist and photographer Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky (1863-1944) was a pioneer in colour photography which he used to document early 20th-century Russia and her empire, including the vanishing way of life of tribal peoples along the Silk Route in Central Asia. In a railway-carriage darkroom provided by Czar Nicholas II, Prokudin-Gorsky used the three-colour photography process to record traditional costumes and occupations, churches and mosques - many now Unesco World Heritage sites - as well as modernisation in agriculture, industry and transport.