Coloured 3D computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdominal organs showing the liver (upper left, orange), the spleen (upper right, blue), the spine (down centre, yellow) and the kidneys (either side of the spine, brown). A tumour (red sphere, lower left) is present in the lower section of the right kidney. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most prevalent form of kidney cancer in adults. During the early stages, it usually doesn't show any symptoms. However, as time passes, symptoms such as blood in the urine, back or side pain, and loss of appetite may occur. Older age, smoking, and high blood pressure are all risk factors for this disease.