Francesco Borromini (1599-1667) created the masterpiece of forced perspective optical illusion in the arcaded courtyard of Palazzo Spada. (La Perspective du Borromini au palazzo Spada - trompe l'oeil)- Diminishing rows of columns and a rising floor create the visual illusion of a gallery 37 meters long (it is 8 meters) with a lifesize sculpture at the end of the vista; in daylight beyond: the sculpture is 60 cm high. Borromini was aided in his perspective trick by a mathematician.Rome; Italy. 2020