3702814 Horses and Grooms Crossing a River, Yuan or early Ming dynasty, 14th century (ink & colour on paper) (see also 3702813-17) by Chao Meng-Fu or, Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322); 16.8x87 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, USA; (add.info.: Zhao Mengfu, a descendant of the Song (960-1279) royal family, was a multitalented artist who lived during the early Yuan dynasty (1279-1368) and is regarded as the leading painter and calligrapher of his time. He was skillful in a wide range of subject matter, such as landscape, figure, horse, and bird-and-flower painting. According to his own statement, Zhao learned to draw horses at a relatively young age and believed that his paintings were able to capture the true inner nature of a horse. In this short handscroll, Zhao depicts three grooms and fifteen horses in various postures crossing a river. By combining the colorful realism of the Tang dynasty (618-907) with the ink line drawing of the Northern Song dynasty (960-1127) literati tradition, Zhao Mengfu established a new direction for his fellow painters during the transitional years of the late thirteenth century. While the painting does not exhibit the superb skill and fluency of the artist\'s genuine works, it is probably a close copy of an original composition by Zhao and may have been executed by one of his more accomplished followers.); Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution; Purchase - Charles Lang Freer Endowment; Chinese, out of copyright.