3051676 Model sailing boat from the Tomb of Khety (Beni Hasan) Middle Kingdom, c.2010 B.C. - 1950 B.C. (painted wood and linen) by Egyptian 12th Dynasty (1991-1786 BC); 25x59x12 cm; Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge, UK; (add.info.: When model boats were placed in tombs, there were usually two, one for sailing upstream (sails up) the other for rowing downstream. Some of the difficulties of navigating the waters of the Nile can be seen in the actions of the crews. On both boats, pilots stand on the bow and originally they may have held something with which to test the depth of the water. On the sailing boat, two men lean on long poles to push off and help the boat through the shallows. The steering mechanisms can clearly be seen on both models. ); 穢 Fitzwilliam Museum .