Pancha Rathas is an example of monolithic Indian rock-cut architecture. Dating from the late 7th century, it is attributed to the reign of King Mahendravarman I and his son Narasimhavarman I (630680 CE; also called Mamalla, or 'great warrior') of the Pallava Kingdom. Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram (Tamil: ???????????) is an ancient historic town and was a bustling seaport from as early as the 1st century CE. By the 7th Century it was the main port city of the South Indian Pallava dynasty. The historic monuments seen today were built largely between the 7th and the 9th centuries CE.