GIA884141 Frontispiece from \'The Prince\' by Niccolo Machiavelli, 1540 (litho) by Italian School, (16th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Niccol簷 di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 ??21 June 1527) was an Italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance.); 穢 Giancarlo Costa; Italian, out of copyright.