STC232156 He reached the altar where the crown lay: lifting it he placed it upon his head, illustration from \'A History of Germany\' by H.E. Marshall, 1913 (colour litho) by Michael, Arthur C. (d.1945) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Frederick II (1194-1250), king of Germany, Italy, Burgundy and Sicily, as well as Holy Roman Emperor from 1220; Pope Gregory IX (c.1145-1241) excommunicated Frederick, so when Frederick took Jerusalem and demanded to be crowned King, no bishop would perform the coronation; Frederick therefore crowned himself;); The Stapleton Collection; English, out of copyright.