Map of Guangdong and Hainan in China, 17th century. The name of the imperial province is here given as 'Quantung'. The key at upper left indicates the size and type of settlements and military forts. The scale at lower right is in Chinese stadia and German miles. This map is from 'Novus atlas Sinensis' (1655) by Jesuit missionary and cartographer Martino Martini (1614-1661). This work was the most complete geographical description of China available to Europeans.