Guillain-Barr? syndrome, damage to peripheral nerves. The peripheral nerves transmit information from the brain or spinal cord (central nervous system) to muscles or organs. During Guillain Barr? syndrome, the transmission of information is slower due to inflammatory damage (demyelination) of the spinal roots and nerves. The inflammatory process seems to be of immuno-allergic origin and triggered by a viral attack. Reaching the roots and nerves results in the rapid but progressive installation of diffuse symmetrical flaccid paralyzes affecting the limbs and the face.