The 4 main types of infections due to aspergillus These infections, called aspergillosis, are caused by inhaling spores of a small fungus called aspergillus, most often aspergillus fumigatus. They can cause: (1) aspergillary sinusitis, local sinus infection which may have an invasive form in immunocompromised patients. (2) allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, inflammation and obstruction of the bronchi mainly affecting asthmatic or cystic fibrosis patients. The symptoms are identical to those of asthma. (3) an aspergilloma, a mycelial ball developing in a pulmonary cavity caused by another pathology such as tuberculosis or sarcoidosis. (4) a diffuse invasive aspergillosis, which spreads through the pulmonary bloodstream to other organs, mainly affecting immunocompromised patients.