First Sino-Japanese War (1st August 1894 ? 17th April 1895). Raw levies for the Chinese army. The only reserve force is that of the Ying Ping or Chinese militia, sometimes called the Green Flags or the Braves, of whom 170,000 might be called out for service, but undrilled and mostly armed with hatchets, pikes, bows and arrows, and 'jingals' or heavy matchlocks. Some of these raw levies have, in their march towards the seat of war, perpetrated robberies and murders and other outrages.