Eliot photographed at the age of 3. Thomas Stearns Eliot (September 26, 1888 - January 4, 1965) was an American-born, British essayist, publisher, playwright, literary social critic, and poet. He emigrated to England in 1914, settling, working and marrying there. He was naturalized as a British subject in 1927. He attracted widespread attention for his poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (1915), which is seen as a masterpiece of the Modernist movement. It was followed by some of the best-known poems in the English language, including The Waste Land (1922), The Hollow Men (1925), Ash Wednesday (1930), and Four Quartets (1945). He is also known for his seven plays, particularly Murder in the Cathedral (1935). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948, "for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry." He made significant contributions to the field of literary criticism, strongly influencing the school of New Criticism. It emphasized close reading, particularly of poetry, to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self-contained, self-referential aesthetic object. Eliot suffered from bronchitis and tachycardia caused by heavy smoking. He died of emphysema, in 1965, at the age of 76. No photographer credited, dated 1891.