Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet (June 9, 1783 - October 21, 1862) was an English physiologist and surgeon who pioneered research in bone and joint disease. in 1808 was appointed assistant surgeon at St George's Hospital, on the staff of which he served for over thirty years. He contributed numerous papers to the Medical and Chirurgical Society. His most important work was the 1818 treatise Pathological and Surgical Observations on the Diseases of the Joints, in which he attempts to trace the beginnings of disease in the different tissues that form a joint and to give an exact value to the symptom of pain as evidence of organic disease. This volume led to the adoption by surgeons of more conservative measures in the treatment of diseases of the joints, with consequent reduction in the number of amputations and the saving of many limbs and lives. He attended to the health of the Royal Family, starting with George IV. He was sergeant-surgeon to William IV and Queen Victoria and was made a baronet in 1834. In 1858 Henry Gray dedicated his book Gray's Anatomy to Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie. He died in 1862 at the age of 79.