Matisse photographed by American photographer Alvin Langdon Coburn in 1913. Henri-?mile-Beno簾t Matisse (December 31, 1869 - November 3, 1954) was a French artist, known for his use of color and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Marcel Duchamp, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the twentieth century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture. His mastery of the expressive language of color and drawing, displayed in a body of work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art. Matisse died of a heart attack at the age of 84 in 1954.