Richard I, King of England. The third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Richard I (1157-1199) reigned as King of England from 1189-1199. The second of the Angevin (Plantagenet) kings of England, he was known as Richard Coueur de Lion (the Lionheart). Richard spent most of his reign abroad, first on the Third Crusade, then in captivity in Germany after Leopold V of Austria captured him on his way back from the Holy Land in 1192, and finally at war with France, where he was killed by an infected arrow wound. (Colorised black and white print).