A painting from the court of Timurid sultan Baysungur Bahadir Khan; late 15th century. The Timurids were a Central Asian Sunni Muslim dynasty of originally Turko-Mongol descent whose empire included the whole of Central Asia; Iran; modern Afghanistan; as well as large parts of Pakistan; India; Mesopotamia; Anatolia and the Caucasus. It was founded by the great conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) in the 14th century from the remnants of the Mongol Empire.