WITCHCRAFT - DEVIL AND WITCHES - SYMBOLS [Top] The witches, as symbol of their total allegiance to the devil are required by him to present to him an article of their clothing - representative of the spiritual goods they have either denied, or given to the Devil, and an outer symbol of the blood, which they will shortly gift to the Devil. The fifth requirement of the Pact made between witches and their master, the Devil. [Bottom] The witches, as part of their preparation for expressing their total allegiance to the devil are required by him to stand in a protective circle, redolent of the Black Magic circles used in conjuration (in which the circles protect the participant, in the face of demonic onslaught). The writer on witchcraft, Guazzo, suggests that the Devil makes uses of an earth-drawn circle, in this way, because the circle is the symbol of divinity, and the earth is God's footstool - and the Devil is anxious to appear to the witches as a god. The sixth requirement of the Pact made between witches and their master, the Devil. Illustrations from Francesco Maria Guazzo, Compendium Maleficarum, 1608.