Howard Florey (1898-1968), Australian pathologist. Florey studied medicine at Adelaide University before coming to England to study at both Oxford and Cambridge. In 1935 Florey became professor of pathology at Lincoln college, Oxford and gathered a team to study the antibacterial properties of moulds. In 1938, 10 years after Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin, Florey and his team started investigating the extraction and clinical use of penicillin. The antibiotic was available before the end of World War Two, saving thousands of soldiers' lives. Florey was awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize for medicine, with his assistant Chain, and Fleming, for this work.