Bust of Ludwig Mond (1839-1909), German-British chemist. Mond was born and educated at Kassel before studying chemistry under Kolbe at Marburg and under Bunsen at heidelberg. However he never completed his degree and took positions in industry instead. In 1862 he moved to England, after a brief time in Utrecht he returned and took British citizenship. His principal interest was the manufacture of soda (sodium carbonate). With Hutchinson he developed a method of removing sulphur from the by-products of the Leblanc process. With Brunner, Mond developed the Solvay process into a commercial industry and by the end of the century his business was the largest producer of soda in the world. Mond later developed his own process for refining nickel carbonyl, a compound he discovered, into pure nickel. Mond was a benefactor to many institutes, including the Royal Institution and Royal Society.