The Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands; also called the Keeling Islands; is a territory of Australia; located in the Indian Ocean; southwest of Christmas Island and approximately midway between Australia and Sri Lanka. The territory consists of two atolls and 27 coral islands; of which two; West Island and Home Island; are inhabited with a total population of approximately 600.
A Scottish merchant seaman named Captain John Clunies-Ross explored the islands in 1825; aiming to settle on them with his family. Alexander Hare; who had taken part in Stamford Raffles' takeover of Java in 1811 landed and settled with his slaves who originated from Indonesia and the Cape of Good Hope. Clunies-Ross returned and set up a compound on South Island consisting of his family and some other settlers. Hare's severely mistreated slaves soon escaped to work under better conditions for Clunies-Ross. The workers were paid in a currency called the Cocos rupee; a currency John Clunies-Ross minted himself that could only be redeemed at the company store. The islands were annexed by the British Empire in 1857 and passed to Australia in 1955.
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