Prostate surgery. Surgeon's hands using a scalpel to make the first incision in an operation to remove a cancerous prostate gland. The prostate is a small gland found below the bladder in men. It produces part of the seminal fluid. Prostate enlargement is very common in older men. However, a cancerous prostate tumour can spread throughout the body. If a tumour is detected before it spreads, removal of the whole prostate (radical prostatectomy) is often carried out. Possible complications include erectile problems, incontinence, excessive bleeding, blood clots and infection.